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Hay needed for winter

Plan winter forage: head x days x as-fed lb/head/day, then bump for waste. Optional bale weight turns tons into a shopping count.

When to use

Use this when buying or budgeting hay for a feeding period — winter, drought, or drylot. As-fed pounds already include typical moisture for that hay type.

Waste from ground feeding, weather, and sorting often runs 10-20% (sometimes more). Raise waste for unprotected outdoor storage.

Calculator

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How this is calculated

Base lb = head x days x lb/head/day. With waste: total = base x (1 + waste%/100). Tons = total / 2000. Bales = ceil(total / lb/bale).

base_lb = head x days x lb_per_head_day
total_lb = base_lb x (1 + waste% / 100)
tons = total_lb / 2,000
bales = ceil(total_lb / lb_per_bale)

Not a balanced ration — only as-fed mass. Growing animals, lactation, and cold stress may need more than your entered daily pounds.

Worked example

25 head x 120 days x 25 lb/day = 75,000 lb base. At 15% waste → 86,250 lb ≈ 43.1 tons. At 1,200 lb/bale → 72 bales.

Limits / assumptions

Assumptions: constant daily offer; waste applied as a flat multiplier.

Limits: protein/energy adequacy is out of scope; test hay and consult a nutritionist for diets.

Responsibility: planning estimate — verify with scale tickets and body-condition checks.

FAQ

As-fed vs dry matter?

Enter as-fed pounds you actually feed. For DM planning, convert using moisture % first.

Round vs square bales?

Only bale weight matters here — use the round/square bale count tool if you already know tons.

Cow-calf pairs?

Often count the pair's combined daily hay, or count cows and add calf intake separately.

What waste % should I use?

Ring feeders and good storage trend lower; ground-fed unprotected hay trends higher. Start 10-20% and adjust from experience.